The average in top soils is about 10 ppm. The amount of chloride in soils varies according to the distance from the sea. Chlorides make up much of the salt dissolved in the earth's oceans: about 1.9 % of the mass of seawater is chloride ions. In nature it is only found combined with other elements chiefly sodium in the form of common salt (NaCl), but also in carnallite, and sylvite. It is used to kill bacteria and other microbes from drinking water supplies.Ĭhlorine is involved in beaching wood pulp for paper making, bleach is also used industrially to remove ink from recycle paper.Ĭhlorine often imparts many desired properties in an organic compound when it is substituted for hydrogen (synthetic rubber), so it is widely use in organic chemistry, in the production of chlorates, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and in the bromine extraction. in paper product production, antiseptic, dyestuffs, food, insecticides, paints, petroleum products, plastics, medicines, textiles, solvents, and many other consumer products. Chlorine gas is greenish-yellow and combines readily with nearly all other elements.Ĭhlorine is an important chemical in water purification, in disinfectants, in bleach and in mustard gas.Ĭhlorine is also used widely in the manufacture of many products and items directly or indirectly, i.e. It is extracted from chlorides through oxidation and electrolysis. This element is a part of the halogen series forming salts. In its liquid and solid form it is a powerful oxidizing, bleaching, and disinfecting agent. Chlorine gas is two and one half times as heavy as air, has an intensely disagreeable suffocating odor, and is exceedingly poisonous. The name chlorine is derived from chloros, meaning green, referring to the color of the gas. The pure chemical element has the physical form of a diatomic green gas. Chlorine was given its name in 1810 by Humphry Davy, who insisted that it was in fact an element. Separation and Concentration Purification RequestĬhlorine - Cl Chemical properties of chlorine - Health effects of chlorine - Environmental effects of chlorineĭiscovered in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, who mistakenly thought it contained oxygen.Plant Inspection & Process Optimalisation.CO 2 has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.Oxygen (O) has an atomic mass of about 16.00 amu.Carbon (C) has an atomic mass of about 12.01 amu.Let's calculate the molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO 2): Add them together: add the results from step 3 to get the total molar mass of the compound.Calculate molar mass of each element: multiply the atomic mass of each element by the number of atoms of that element in the compound.The atomic mass is usually found on the periodic table and is given in atomic mass units (amu). Find atomic masses: look up the atomic masses of each element present in the compound.For example, water is H 2O, meaning it contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Identify the compound: write down the chemical formula of the compound.One mole contains exactly 6.022 ×10 23 particles (Avogadro's number)
Mole is a standard scientific unit for measuring large quantities of very small entities such as atoms and molecules.Molar mass ( molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.(1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12) Molecular mass ( molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u).To calculate molecular weight of a chemical compound enter it's formula, specify its isotope mass number after each element in square brackets.Įxamples of molecular weight computations: Molar mass calculator also displays common compound name, Hill formula, elemental composition, mass percent composition, atomic percent compositions and allows to convert from weight to number of moles and vice versa.Ĭomputing molecular weight (molecular mass) Functional groups: D, Ph, Me, Et, Bu, AcAc, For, Tos, Bz, TMS, tBu, Bzl, Bn, DmgĮxamples of molar mass computations: NaCl, Ca(OH)2, K4, CuSO4*5H2O, nitric acid, potassium permanganate, ethanol, fructose, caffeine, water.Capitalize the first letter in chemical symbol and use lower case for the remaining letters: Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, S, O, H, C, N, Na, K, Cl, Al. Chlorine gas appears as a pale yellow-green gas with a strong, pungent odor.Ĭomputing molar mass (molar weight)To calculate molar mass of a chemical compound enter its formula and click 'Compute'.